Energy storage welding base plate crack

What causes microstructural deterioration during welding?

The dilution between the base plate and flyer plate during welding is the leading cause of microstructural deterioration. The interdiffusion of main elements in base (C, Fe) and flyer (Cr, Ni) plates may result in hardening region generation on the one hand and corrosion resistance decrease on the other hand .

What is the multi-layer welding process of stainless clad steel plate?

But due to the application of mixed filling metals, the multi-layer welding process of stainless clad steel plate essentially belongs to the dissimilar metal welding (DMW) between low carbon steel and stainless steel.

Which welding procedure should be applied for stainless clad steel plate welding?

In view of this problem, engineers posted that multi-layer and multi-passes welding should be applied for stainless clad steel plate welding, namely, welding the joint into base, transition, and flyer seam layers. For such type of welding procedure, welding priority of three layers has a great influence on the joint properties.

Which welded joint has the best resistance to hydrogen blistering and hydrogen induced cracking?

The WM had the best resistance to hydrogen blistering and hydrogen induced cracking because only slight hydrogen induced cracking occurred under the most severe charging condition. Table 1. Surface hydrogen damage of the three main regions of the welded joint for different charging conditions.

How does hydrogen damage affect he resistance of x100 pipeline welds?

The HE resistance of different regions of the X100 pipeline welds decreased in order of WM < HAZ < BM, with different hydrogen damage modes on the surface, e.g., the BM exhibited predominantly hydrogen blistering for all hydrogen charging conditions, while hydrogen-inducing cracking more easily formed in the HAZ and WM.

How do charging conditions affect the severity of cracking?

Increased charging conditions (higher current density and/or longer time) increased the severity of cracking: the crack size and crack number increased and many cracks appeared in the middle thickness of the specimens, as shown in Fig. 7 b-d.