Energy storage and regulation

What are the different types of energy storage policy?

Approximately 16 states have adopted some form of energy storage policy, which broadly fall into the following categories: procurement targets, regulatory adaption, demonstration programs, financial incentives, and consumer protections. Below we give an overview of each of these energy storage policy categories.

Should energy storage systems be regulated?

Energy storage systems play a major role in this regard. Available options for revised regulation —Ideally, connecting to the grid should imply a commitment to pay for all of the network costs caused. Let us consider, just as an example, a typical scheme for a private regasification facility.

How many states have energy storage policies?

Around 15 states have adopted some form of energy storage policy, including procurement targets, regulatory adaption, demonstration programs, financial incentives, and/or consumer protections. Several states have also required that utility resource plans include energy storage.

Does energy storage regulate system frequency?

Energy storage, like wind turbines, has the potential to regulate system frequency via extra differential droop control. According to Ref. , the shifting relationship between the energy reserve of energy storage and the kinetic energy of the rotor of a synchronous generator defines the virtual inertia of energy storage.

Can energy storage provide a large set of Energy Services?

With regard to market design, energy storage is allowed to provide a large set of energy services, according to relatively recent modifications of Californian power market. Currently, energy storage may be used for Daily, weekly, and seasonal arbitrage.

Can energy storage services be integrated at different levels of electrical systems?

According to Medina et al. (2014), energy storage services can be integrated at different levels of electrical systems, in particular at generation, transmission, distribution, and customer level. However, the authors detected some limiting factors.